Display device

ABSTRACT

According to one embodiment, a display device includes a display which emits display light, a retroreflective element which retroreflects incident light, an optical element including a lower surface opposing the display and the retroreflective element and an upper surface on an opposite side to the lower surface, which reflects part of the display light toward the retroreflective element and transmits reflection light retroreflected by the retroreflective element and a first blower mechanism which blows air to a side of the upper surface.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No.15/798,582 filed Oct. 31, 2017, which is based upon and claims thebenefit of priority from Japanese Patent Application No. 2016-220794,filed Nov. 11, 2016, the entire contents of each of which areincorporated herein by reference.

FIELD

Embodiments described herein relate generally to a display device.

BACKGROUND

An imaging device comprising, for example, a polarizing filter and aretroreflective element has been proposed. The imaging device formsaerial images at a position plane-symmetrical to an emission point ofdisplay light showing the images to be displayed with regard to thepolarizing filter. Here, when an observer tries to touch an aerial imagein simulation, it is difficult for the observer to acquire the feelingof “touching” the aerial image. Under these circumstances, there is ademand for establishing the technique which enables an observer to sensethe feeling of touching aerial images.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a display deviceaccording to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of an appearance of the displaydevice.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an optical path of display light.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing position of an observer OB and an aerialimage I1 with relative to each other.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing positions of a display surface IP0, anaerial display area ADA and an imaged plane IP1 with relative to eachother.

FIG. 6A is a diagram showing an example of arrangement of an air bloweroutlet.

FIG. 6B is a diagram schematically showing a state that an observer'sfinger is touching an air plate.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing another example of arrangement of the airblower outlet.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing another example of arrangement of the airblower outlet.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing another example of arrangement of the airblower outlet.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing another example of arrangement of the airblower outlet.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing another example of arrangement of the airblower outlet.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing another example of arrangement of the airblower outlet.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing another example of arrangement of the airblower outlet.

FIG. 14 is a diagram schematically showing a blower mechanism.

FIG. 15 is a perspective view schematically showing a display devicecomprising the blower mechanism shown in FIG. 14.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an example of an aerial image displayed onan aerial display area.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the displaypanel shown in FIG. 14.

FIG. 18 is a cross section showing a configuration example of thedisplay panel shown in FIG. 17.

FIG. 19 is a plan view diagram showing a configuration example of theretroreflective element shown in FIG. 1.

FIG. 20 is a perspective view showing a configuration example of aretroreflector shown in FIG. 19.

FIG. 21 is a cross section showing a configuration example of aretroreflective element applicable to this embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In general, according to one embodiment, a display device comprises adisplay which emits display light, a retroreflective element whichretroreflects incident light, an optical element comprising a lowersurface opposing the display and the retroreflective element and anupper surface on an opposite side to the lower surface, which reflectspart of the display light toward the retroreflective element andtransmits reflection light retroreflected by the retroreflective elementand a first blower mechanism which blows air to a side of the uppersurface.

According to another embodiment, a display device comprises a displaywhich emits display light, a retroreflective element which retroreflectsincident light, an optical element comprising a lower surface opposingthe display and the retroreflective element and an upper surface on anopposite side to the lower surface, which reflects part of the displaylight toward the retroreflective element and transmits reflection lightretroreflected by the retroreflective element and an air plate locatedon an upper surface side and formed from airflow.

According to another embodiment, a display device comprises a displaywhich emits display light, a retroreflective element which retroreflectsincident light, an optical element comprising a lower surface opposingthe display and the retroreflective element and an upper surface on anopposite side to the lower surface, which reflects part of the displaylight toward the retroreflective element and transmits reflection lightretroreflected by the retroreflective element, a sensor which detects anobject to be detected, located on the upper surface side and a blowermechanism comprising an air blower outlet between the sensor and theoptical element.

Embodiments will be described hereinafter with reference to theaccompanying drawings. Incidentally, the disclosure is merely anexample, and proper changes within the spirit of the invention, whichare easily conceivable by a skilled person, are included in the scope ofthe invention as a matter of course. In addition, in some cases, inorder to make the description clearer, the widths, thicknesses, shapes,etc., of the respective parts are schematically illustrated in thedrawings, compared to the actual modes. However, the schematicillustration is merely an example, and adds no restrictions to theinterpretation of the invention. Besides, in the specification anddrawings, the structural elements having functions, which are identicalor similar to the functions of the structural elements described inconnection with preceding drawings, are denoted by like referencenumerals, and an overlapping detailed description is omitted unlessotherwise necessary.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a display device1 according to an embodiment.

The display device 1 comprises a display DSP, an optical element 10, aretroreflective element 20, a sensor 30, a loudspeaker 40, a blowermechanism 50, a controller 60 and the like.

The structure of the display DSP is not particularly limited as long asit is able to emit display light. An example of the display DSP is aliquid crystal display in which a liquid crystal layer is held between apair of substrates. But, the display DSP may be a self-luminous displaydevice such as an organic electroluminescent display device, anelectronic paper display device comprising an electrophoretic element,and the like, a display device employing micro-electromechanical systems(MEMS), or a display device employing electrochromism. Specific examplesof the display DSP will be described later.

The optical element 10 reflects at least part of incident light andtransmits part the incident light. The optical elements 10 may be a halfmirror having equal reflectivity and transmissivity to incident light, apolarization beam splitter, a reflective polarizer, a wire gridpolarizer, or the like. The optical element 10 comprises a lower surface10B on a side opposing the display DSP and the retroreflective element20, and an upper surface 10A on an opposite side to the lower surface10B.

The retroreflective element 20 retroreflects incident light. That is,the retroreflective element 20 reflects incident light made incident ona retroreflective surface 20A to an opposite direction parallel to thatof the incident light. The display DSP and the retroreflective element20 are located on a side opposing the lower surface 10B. The details ofthe retroreflective element 20 will be provided later.

In the display device 1, display light emitted from the display DSP isimaged as an aerial image I1 on an upper surface 10A side as will beexplained in detail with reference to FIG. 3.

The sensor 30 is an infrared sensor, for example, and detects an objectto be detected, such as a finger, in a detection range IRA indicatedwith a dotted line. The detection range IRA includes the region wherethe aerial image I1 is imaged.

The loudspeaker 40 outputs sound. There may be a plurality ofloudspeakers 40.

The blower mechanism 50 comprises an air blower outlet 51 which blowsair to the upper surface 10A side. The blower mechanism 50 blows air inthe direction parallel to the aerial image I1 between, for example, theaerial image I1 and the optical element 10. The blower mechanism 50 maycomprise a flow velocity adjustment mechanism which adjusts the flowvelocity of the air blown, a temperature adjustment mechanism whichadjusts temperature, a flow rate adjustment mechanism which adjusts theflow rate, and the like.

The controller 60 controls the display DSP, the loudspeaker 40 and theblower mechanism 50. Further, the controller 60 can calculate out arelative position (coordinates) of an object to be detected withrelative to the aerial image I1 and also can detect movement of theobject, from results detected with the sensor 30. Based on the detectionresults of the sensor 30, the controller 60 may control the display DSP,the loudspeaker 40 and the blower mechanism 50. For example, when anobject is detected at a predetermined position in the aerial image I1,the controller 60 may output sound from the loudspeaker 40, or maychange the display image of the display DSP, or may change the flowvelocity, temperature, flow rate and the like of the air blown from theblower mechanism 50.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the appearance of the displaydevice 1. In the figure, a direction X, a direction Y and a direction Zare orthogonal to each other, but they may cross at an angle other than90 degrees.

The display device 1 is configured by using a housing 70. In the exampleillustrated, the housing 70 has substantially a rectangularparallelepiped shape, which comprises an upper surface 70A parallel toan X-Y plane, etc. In the example illustrated, the upper surface 70A hasa rectangular shape which comprises an end 70E extending along thedirection X.

The optical element 10 is arranged so that the upper surface 10A and thelower surface 10B are parallel to the X-Y plane. In the exampleillustrated, the optical element 10 has a rectangular shape whichcomprises an end 10E extending along the direction X. The opticalelement 10 and the upper surface 70A are arranged along the direction Yand the end 10E is brought into contact with the end 70E. The displayDSP and the retroreflective element 20 are accommodated in the housing70. The optical element 10 is located directly above the display DSP andthe retroreflective element 20 along the direction Z.

The sensor 30 and the air blower outlet 51 are provided in the uppersurface 70A. In the example illustrated, the air blower outlet 51 islocated between the sensor 30 and the optical element 10 and formed intoa slit shape along the end 70E. The air blower outlet 51 is locatedcloser to the optical element 10 as compared to the sensor 30. Along thedirection X, a width W51 having such a range that the air blower outlet51 can be formed is greater than a width WDSP of the display DSP. Thesensor 30 is located at substantially a center of the upper surface 70Aalong the direction X.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an optical path of display light. FIG. 3shows a plane parallel to a Y-Z plane.

The display DSP comprises a display surface IP0 which displays images.Display light emitted from the display surface IP0 is reflected by theoptical element 10 toward the retroreflective element 20 as indicated bya solid line in the figure. The reflected light from the optical element10 enters onto the retroreflective element 20. As indicated by a dottedline in the figure, the reflected light from the optical element 10 isretroreflected by the retroreflective surface 20A towards the opticalelement 10. The light retroreflected by the retroreflective surface 20Ais allowed to pass through the optical element 10 and then imaged as theaerial image I1 which exhibits the display image. The aerial image I1 islocated plane-symmetrical to the display surface IP0 with regard to theoptical element 10.

Note that the display light may be circularly or linearly polarizedlight or the like. In this case, the optical element 10 may include apolarization element or a retardation film. When the display light iscircularly polarized light, the display device 1 may further include aretardation film.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the positions of the observer OB and theaerial image I1 with relative to each other.

The aerial image I1 is located between the observer OB and theretroreflective element 20. The observer OB is able to observe theaerial image I1 in an observation range (indicated by the dotted line inthe figure) including the retroreflective element 20 in a field of viewof the observer OB. When the observation range does not overlap theaerial image I1, the aerial image I1 cannot be observed. For thisreason, the observer OB can observe the entire aerial image I1 whenviewing in a position where the entire aerial image I1 overlaps theobservation range. Note that it is desirable that the display DSP shouldnot be located in the observation range.

FIG. 5 shows the positions of the display surface IP0, the aerialdisplay area ADA, and an imaging plane IP1 with relative to each other.

In the example illustrated, the display surface IP0 has a rectangularshape. The display surface IP0 displays the display image 10. The aerialdisplay area ADA is defined as a region plane-symmetrical to the displaysurface IP0 with regard to the optical element 10, as indicated by adashed line. The aerial image I1 is displayed within the aerial displayarea ADA. Further, the imaging plane IP1 is defined as a plane includingthe aerial display area ADA, as indicated by an alternate long and shortdash line. Therefore, the imaging plane IP1 is plane-symmetrical to thedisplay surface IP0 with respect to the optical element 10.

In this embodiment, the imaging plane IP1 is a plane defined along adirection D1 and a direction D2. The direction D1 corresponds to thedirection X. The direction D2 crosses the direction Y at an acute angleθ. That is, the imaging plane IP1 is a plane crossing the X-Y plane orcrossing the optical element 10 at the acute angle θ. Further, in thisembodiment, the display surface IP0 is a plane defined along thedirection D1 and a direction D3. The direction D3 is symmetrical to thedirection D2 with regard to the direction Y and crosses the direction Yat the acute angle θ. The display surface IP0 crosses the X-Y plane atan acute angle θ and is plane-symmetrical to the imaging plane IP1 withregard to the optical element 10.

In terms of the relationship between the display image I0 and the aerialimage I1, the aerial image I1 is inverted upside down with respect tothe display image I0 along the direction Z, and is laterally identicalto the display image I0 along the direction X.

FIG. 6A shows an arrangement example of the air blower outlet 51.

The air blower outlet 51 is located between the sensor 30 and the aerialdisplay area ADA. That is, the sensor 30, the air blower outlet 51 andthe aerial display area ADA are arranged along the direction D2 in thisorder. The air blower outlet 51 has a slit shape formed along thedirection D1. The blower mechanism 50 blows air from the air bloweroutlet 51 to the region which overlaps the aerial display area ADA. Inthe example illustrated, the blower mechanism 50 blows air in thedirection D2 on an upper surface 10A side of the optical element 10.Here, the air sent from the air blower outlet 51 is substantiallyparallel to the imaging plane IP1. In other words, the flow of the airblown from the air blower outlet 51 creates an air plate AP of planerair blow on the upper surface 10A side. The air plate AP is formed alongthe imaging plane IP1. Further, the air plate AP entirely overlaps theaerial display area ADA. Note that the air plate AP should desirably belocated within the imaging plane IP1 or on an optical element 10 sidewith respect to the imaging plane IP1.

FIG. 6B schematically shows a situation where the observer is touchingthe air plate AP shown in FIG. 6A with his/her finger. When the observerattempts to touch the aerial image I1 in simulation, the observertouches the air plate AP with his/her finger. The observer can obtainthe feeling of touching the aerial image I1 by sensing the flow of theair formed in the region where the aerial image I1 is formed as atactile sensation.

Next, another configuration example of this embodiment will be describedwith reference to FIGS. 7 to 13.

The configuration example shown in FIG. 7 is different from that of FIG.6 in that an air blower outlet 51 is located on an opposite side to thesensor 30 over the aerial display area ADA. The blower mechanism 50blows air from the air blower outlet 51 in a direction opposite to thedirection D2, i.e., a direction towards a sensor 30 side.

The configuration example shown in FIG. 8 is different from that of FIG.6 in further comprising an inlet mechanism 80. An inlet 81 of the inletmechanism 80 is provided along the direction D1, and opposes the airblower outlet 51 over the aerial display area ADA. With thisconfiguration, between the air blower outlet 51 and the inlet 81, an airflow along the direction D2 is formed.

The configuration example shown in FIG. 9 is different from that of FIG.6 in comprising an air blower outlet 52 in addition to the air bloweroutlet 51. The air blower outlet 52 opposes the air blower outlet 51over the aerial display area ADA. The air blown from the air bloweroutlet 51 is sent in the direction D2, and the air blown from the airblower outlet 52 is blown in a direction opposite to the direction D2.In other words, the air blower outlet 52 opposes the air blower outlet51 along the blowing direction (the direction D2) of the air bloweroutlet 51. In the example illustrated, the air blower outlet 51 isprovided in a blower mechanism 501 and the air blower outlet 52 isprovided in a blower mechanism 502. With this configuration, the flowvelocities, temperatures and flow rates of the airs blown from theseblower outlets 51 and 52 can be respectively varied from each other.Note that the blower outlets 51 and 52 may be provided in a commonblower mechanism 50.

The configuration example shown in FIG. 10 is different from that ofFIG. 6 in that an air blower outlet 51 is provided along the directionD2 and a blower mechanism 501 blows air in the direction D1.

The configuration example shown in FIG. 11 is different from that ofFIG. 10 that an air blower outlet 52 is provided to oppose an air bloweroutlet 51. The air blower outlet 52 is provided along the direction D2,and opposes the air blower outlet 51 over the aerial display area ADA.The air blown from the air blower outlet 51 is sent in the direction D1and the air blown from the air blower outlet 52 is sent in a directionopposite to the direction D1.

The configuration example shown in FIG. 12 is different from that ofFIG. 6 in that a plurality of air blower outlets, i.e., an air bloweroutlet 51 and an air blower outlet 52 are arranged in line. In theexample illustrated, the air blower outlets 51 and 52 are arranged alongthe direction D1, but they may be arranged along the direction D2.Further, along the direction D1, a width W51 of the air blower outlet 51and a width W52 of the air blower outlet 52 are equal to each other, butthey may differ. Naturally, three or more air blower outlets may bearranged along one direction. In the example illustrated, the air bloweroutlet 51 is provided in a blower mechanism 501, and the air bloweroutlet 52 is provided in a blower mechanism 502. The air blower outlets51 and 52 may differ from each other in the flow rate, flow velocity andtemperature of the airs blown therefrom.

The configuration example shown in FIG. 13 is different from that ofFIG. 6 in that a plurality of air blower outlets 51 a and 52 a areprovided around the aerial display area ADA.

In the example illustrated, air blower outlets 51 a 1, 51 a 2, 51 a 3,51 a 4, 51 a 5 and 51 a 6 are arranged along the direction D1, and theair blower outlets 51 a 1, 51 a 2 and 51 a 3 and the air blower outlet51 a 4, 51 a 5 and 51 a 6 respectively oppose along the direction D2.The air blower outlets 51 a 1, 51 a 2 and 51 a 3 are provided in ablower mechanism 501A, and the air blower outlet 51 a 4, 51 a 5 and 51 a6 are provided in a blower mechanism 501B.

The air blower outlets 52 a 1, 52 a 2, 52 a 3, 52 a 4, 52 a 5 and 52 a 6are arranged along the direction D2, and the air blower outlets 52 a 1,52 a 2 and 52 a 3 and the air blower outlet 52 a 4, 52 a 5 and 52 a 6respectively oppose along the direction D1. The air blower outlets 52 a1, 52 a 2 and 52 a 3 are provided in a blower mechanism 502A, and theair blower outlets 52 a 4, 52 a 5 and 52 a 6 are provided in a blowermechanism 502B.

The air blown from the air blower outlets 51 a 1, 51 a 2 and 51 a 3 issent in the direction D2, and the air blown from the air blower outlets51 a 4, 51 a 5 and 51 a 6 is sent in a direction opposite to thedirection D2. The air blown from the air blower outlets 52 a 1, 52 a 2and 52 a 3 is sent in the direction D1, and the air blown from the airblower outlet 52 a 4, 52 a 5 and 52 a 6 is sent in a direction oppositeto the direction D1.

In the configuration example shown in FIG. 13, the flow rate, flowvelocity, temperature, etc., of the airs blown from the air bloweroutlets 51 a and 52 a can be varied as needed.

FIG. 14 schematically shows the blower mechanism 50.

The blower mechanism 50 is provided near the display DSP. The blowermechanism 50 comprises an air blower outlet 51, a fan 53 and a duct 54.In the example illustrated, the display DSP is a liquid crystal display,and comprises a liquid crystal display panel PNL and a light source(backlight) LS. In this embodiment, the fan 53 is used for cooling thelight source LS. That is, the fan 53 blows air towards the light sourceLS. The wind sent by the fan 53 is blown out from the air blower outlet51 through the duct 54 while cooling down the light source LS. In theexample illustrated, the duct 54 and the air blower outlet 51 are formedas one integral unit, but they may be prepared individually and the puttogether.

FIG. 15 is a perspective view schematically showing a display device 1comprising blower mechanisms. FIG. 15 shows only the main portion. Inthe example illustrated, the display device 1 comprises blowermechanisms 501 and 502. The blower mechanisms 501 and 502 can blow airsrespectively which differ in the flow rate, flow velocity, temperature,etc. Note that the display device 1 may comprise one blower mechanism orthree or more. The blower mechanisms 501 and 502 each comprise a fan 53,a duct 54 and an air blower outlet 51, but they may comprise a pluralityof fans 53, ducts 54 and air blower outlets 51. The outlets of theblower mechanism 501 and 502 can be formed to correspond to the airblower outlets 51 and 52 shown in, for example, FIGS. 9, 11, 12, etc.With this configuration, the blower mechanisms 501 and 502 for coolingdisplay DSP can also function to form an air plate AP, and thus thedevice can be downsized and the cost can be reduced as compared to thecase where a separate blower mechanism is provided.

FIG. 16 shows an example of the aerial image I1 displayed on the aerialdisplay area ADA.

In the example illustrated, a button A, a button B and a button C aredisplayed as the aerial image I1. Let us suppose now that a finger ofthe observer OB as an object to be detected approaches the button A. Thesensor 30 detects the location and movement of the object. Thecontroller 60 judges whether the object is located in the region wherethe button A is displayed in the aerial display area ADA, furtherwhether the object makes the movement of pushing the button A and thelike, based on the detection result of the sensor 30. When judged thatthe object has made the movement of touching or pushing the button A,the controller 60 controls the display DSP to change the display imageof the aerial image I1. For example, the aerial image I1 is changed tosuch display image showing the button A is pushed into the back side ofthe aerial display area ADA as viewed from the observer OB. Further, thecontroller 60 controls the loudspeaker 40 in synchronous with the changeof the aerial image I1, and instructs to output a sound effect forpushing the button A. At this time, as described above, air flow isproduced in the area of the aerial image I1, which includes the regionwhere the button A is displayed. Thus, if a finger is placed on theregion where the button A is displayed, the observer can perceive theoperation by the airflow on the finger as a tactile sensation and alsovisually by the change of the display image. Further, he or she canauditorily perceive it by the output of sound. In this manner, thefeeling of “having touched the button A” can be reinforced for theobserver.

FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the displaypanel PNL shown in FIG. 14. Here, an active matrix-driving transmissivetype liquid crystal display panel will be described as an example of thedisplay panel PNL. More specifically, the display panel PNL comprises afirst substrate SUB1, a second substrate SUB2 opposing the firstsubstrate SUB1 and a liquid crystal layer LQ held between the firstsubstrate SUB1 and the second substrate SUB2. The first substrate SUB1and second substrate SUB2 are attached together while a predeterminedcell gap is formed therebetween. The display panel PNL comprises adisplay area DA which displays images. The display area DA comprises aplurality of subpixels PX arranged in a matrix.

The display area DA comprises, as subpixels PX, for example, a red pixelPXR which displays red, a green pixel PXG which displays green and ablue pixel PXB which displays blue. Note that the display area DA mayfurther comprise a subpixel of a color different from red, green or blue(that is, for example, a white pixel which displays white). The pixelswhich realize color presentation comprises subpixels PX of theseplurality of different colors. That is, a pixel discussed here is theminimum unit which forms a color image. In the example illustrated, thepixels each comprise a red pixel PXR, a green pixel PXG and a blue pixelPXB.

The red pixel PXR comprises a red color filter and is formed to betrasnmissive mainly to red light of the white light from the respectivelight source. The green pixel PXG comprises a green color filter and isformed to be trasnmissive mainly to green light of the white light fromthe respective light source. The blue pixel PXB comprises a blue colorfilter and is formed to be trasnmissive mainly to blue light of thewhite light from the respective light source among the white light fromlight source. Although will not be explained in full detail, the colorfilters may be provided on the first substrate SUB1 or on the secondsubstrate SUB2.

The first substrate SUB1 comprises a plurality of gate lines G extendingalong a first direction D11 and a plurality of source lines S extendingalong a second direction D22 while crossing the gate lines G. The gatelines G are each drawn to an outer side of the display area DA andconnected to the gate driver GD. The source lines S are each drawn to anouter side of the display area DA and connected to the source driver SD.The gate drivers GD and the source drivers SD are connected to thecontroller CNT. The controller CNT generates control signals based onthe video signals, and controls the gate driver GD and the source driverSD.

The subpixels PX each comprise a switching element SW, a pixel electrodePE, a common electrode CE and the like. The switching element SW iselectrically connected to a gate line G and a source line S. Theswitching element SW is formed from a thin film transistor, for example.The pixel electrode PE is electrically connected to the switchingelement SW. The common electrode CE opposes a plurality of pixelelectrodes PE.

Although a detailed explanation of the structure of the display panelPNL is omitted here, in a display mode using a vertical electric fieldalong the normal of the main surface of the substrate or using aninclined electric field at an oblique direction to the normal of thesubstrate main surface, the pixel electrodes PE are provided on thefirst substrate SUB1, whereas the common electrode CE is provided on thesecond substrate SUB2. In a display mode using a lateral electric fieldalong the substrate main surface, both of the pixel electrodes PE andthe common electrode CE are provided on the first substrate SUB1.Further, the display panel PNL may have such a structure as to be ableto correspond to a display mode using an appropriate combination of thevertical, lateral and inclined electric fields, described above. Notethat the main surface of the substrate is equivalent to a plane definedby the first direction D11 and the second direction D22.

FIG. 18 is a cross section showing a configuration example of thedisplay panel PNL shown in FIG. 17. Here, a cross-sectional structure ofthe display panel PNL to which an fringe field switching (FFS) mode isapplied, which is one of the display modes using the lateral electricfield, will be briefly described.

The first substrate SUB1 comprises a first insulating substrate 100, afirst insulating film 110, a common electrode CE, a second insulatingfilm 120, pixel electrodes PE1 to PE3, a first alignment film AL1 andthe like. The common electrode CE extends over the red pixel PXR, thegreen pixel PXG and the blue pixel PXB. A pixel electrode PE1 of the redpixel PXR, a pixel electrode PE2 of the green pixel PXG and a pixelelectrode PE3 of the blue pixel PXB each oppose the common electrode CE,and each comprise slits SLA. In the example illustrated, the commonelectrode CE is located between the first insulating film 110 and thesecond insulating film 120, and the pixel electrodes PE1 to PE3 arelocated between the second insulating film 120 and the first alignmentfilm AL1. Note that the pixel electrodes PE1 to PE3 may be locatedbetween the first insulating film 110 and the second insulating film 120and the common electrode CE may be located between the second insulatingfilm 120 and first alignment film AL1. In this case, the slits SLA areformed in the common electrode CE.

The second substrate SUB2 comprises a second insulating substrate 200, alight-shielding layer BM, color filters CFR, CFG and CFB, an overcoatlayer OC, a second alignment film AL2 and the like. The color filtersCFR, CFG and CFB oppose the pixel electrodes PE1, PE2 and PE3,respectively, while interposing the liquid crystal layer LQ between eachpair. The color filter CFR is a red filter, the color filter CFG is agreen filter and the color filter CFB is a blue filter. In the exampleillustrated, the color filter CFR, CFG and CFB are provided in thesecond substrate SUB2, but they may be provided in the first substrateSUB1.

The liquid crystal layer LQ is enclosed between the first alignment filmAL1 and the second alignment film AL2.

The light source LS opposes the first substrate SUB1. The light sourceLS may take various implementable applications, but a detailedexplanation of the structure is omitted.

A first optical element OD1 including a first polarizer PL1 is disposedon an external surface of the first insulating substrate 100. A secondoptical element OD2 including a second polarizer PL2 is disposed on anexternal surface of the second insulating substrate 200. For example, afirst absorption axis of the first polarizer PL1 and a second absorptionaxis of the second polarizer PL2 are orthogonal to each other.

The pixels each containing a red pixel PXR, a green pixel PXG and a bluepixel PXB are arranged at a pitch P1.

FIG. 19 is a plan view showing a configuration example of theretroreflective element 20 shown in FIG. 1. Here, the illustration isshown along a plane defined by a third direction D33 and a fourthdirection D44 orthogonal to each other.

The retroreflective element 20 comprises a plurality of retroreflectors23. In the illustrated plan view, the retroreflectors 23 each has anoutline of an equilateral triangle. Further, in each of theretroreflectors 23, a center O is depressed toward the back of the pageto form a concavity CC in the retroreflective surface 20A shown inFIG. 1. Moreover, the boundary between each adjacent pair ofretroreflectors 23 is indicated by a dotted line in FIG. 19, and isequivalent to a convexity CV of the retroreflective surface 20A. Theretroreflectors 23 are arranged along the third direction D33. Further,the retroreflectors 23 are arranged at a pitch P2 along the fourthdirection D44. The retroreflectors 23 adjacent to each other along thethird direction D33 and the fourth direction D44 are inversed withrespect each other at 180 degrees.

A retroreflector 231 in the figure comprises three reflective surfacesA1, B1 and C1 orthogonal to each other. The retroreflector 231 comprisea concavity CC1 surrounded by the reflective surfaces A1, B1 and C1. Theretroreflector 231 and a retroreflector 232 are arranged along thefourth direction D44. The retroreflector 232 comprises three reflectivesurfaces A2, B2 and C2 orthogonal to each other. The retroreflector 232comprises a concavity CC2 surrounded by the reflective surface A2, B2and C2. An intersection between the reflective surface A1 of theretroreflector 231 and the reflective surface A2 of the retroreflector232 forms a convexity CVA of the retroreflective surface. The convexityCVA extends along a direction parallel to the third direction D33. Theretroreflector 231 and the retroreflector 232 are line-symmetrial toeach other with respect to the convexity CVA. Similarly, the boundarybetween each adjacent pair of retroreflectors 23 corresponds to aconvexity. That is, the outline (triangle) of each of theretroreflectors 23 is defined by the convexity. The outline of theretroreflector 231 is defined by convexities CVA, CVB and CVC. Theconvexitys CVB and CVC each extend along a direction crossing the thirddirection D33 and the fourth direction D44. For example, the extendingdirection of the convexity CVB makes an angle with the third directionD33 at θB3 of 60 degrees, and an angle with the fourth direction D44 atθB4 of 30 degrees. The extending direction of the convexity CVC makes anangle with the third direction D33 at θC3 of 60 degrees, and an anglewith the fourth direction D44 at θC4 of 30 degrees.

The resolution of the aerial image I1 is dependent on the pitch P2 ofthe retroreflectors 23. In order to suppress degradation of resolution,the pitch P2 should desirably be less than the pitch P1 of the pixels inthe display panel PNL shown in FIG. 3.

FIG. 20 is a perspective view showing a configuration example of aretroreflector 23 shown in FIG. 19. Here, an xyz coordinate system isapplied, in which the axes are orthogonal to each other, to illustratethe form of the retroreflector 23.

More specifically, the retroreflector 23 comprises three reflectivesurfaces 23A, 23B and 23C in the xyz coordinate system. The reflectivesurfaces 23A to 23C are all identical in shape and are right-angledisosceles triangles. Further, the reflective surfaces 23A to 23C arearranged to be orthogonal to each other. The retroreflector 23comprising the reflective surfaces 23A to 23C of such a form is called acorner cube or a corner reflector.

When a point A on an x-axis is represented by (α, 0, 0), a point B on ay-axis by (0, α, 0) and a point C on a z axis by (0, 0, α), thereflective surface 23A is formed on an x-y plane and is defined by anorigin point O, the point A and the point B. The reflective surface 23Bis formed on a y-z plane and is defined by the origin point O, the pointB and the point C. The reflective surface 23C is formed on an x-z planeand is defined by the origin point O, the point A and the point C. Aline segment AB which connects the point A and the point B, a linesegment BC which connects the point B and the point C and a line segmentAC which connects the point A and the point C correspond to theconvexity described above.

The retroreflector 23 does not comprise a surface defined by the threepoints A, B and C. That is, the inner side surrounded by the threereflective surfaces 23A to 23C is equivalent to the concavity describedabove and is an air layer. The retroreflector 23 can realizeretroreflection, in which incident light rays are reflected by the threereflective surfaces 23A to 23C, respectively, to reflect back insubstantially the same optical paths as those of the incident lightrays. But, the vicinities of the three points A, B and C may benon-retroreflective portions, where the light is not reflected by thethree reflective surfaces).

Note that the form of the retroreflectors 23 is not limited to that ofthe example illustrated here, but may be such a form similar to that ofthe retroreflector but the non-retroreflective portions thereof are cutoff.

FIG. 21 is a cross section showing configuration examples of aretroreflective element 20 applicable to this embodiment.

The retroreflective element 20 comprises a base 21 and a metal thin film22. The base 21 is formed from, for example, a resin material. The metalthin film 22 is formed from, for example, a material which exhibitslight reflexivity, such as silver (Ag), aluminum (Al), or an aluminumalloy. Note that the metal thin film 22 may be subjected to a surfacetreatment to prevent corrosion or coated with an inorganic material suchas silicon nitride (SiN).

A configuration example shown in FIG. 21, part (a) comprises aretroreflective surface 20A on a front surface 21A side of the base 21.The metal thin film 22 covers the surface 21A of the base 21 and forms aretroreflective surface 20A. A rear surface 21B of the base 21 is flat.As indicated an arrow in the figure, incident light entering theretroreflective element 20 is reflected by the retroreflective surface20A without passing through the base 21.

A configuration example shown in FIG. 21, part (b) comprises aretroreflective surface 20A on a rear surface 21B side of the base 21.The metal thin film 22 covers the rear surface 21B of the base 21, andforms a retroreflective surface 20A. A front surface 21A of the base 21is flat. As indicated an arrow in the figure, incident light enteringthe retroreflective element 20 passes through the base 21, andthereafter, is reflected by the retroreflective surface 20A.

A configuration example shown in FIG. 21, part (c) comprises aretroreflective surface 20A on an interface between a base 21 and acover member 24. The base 21 and the cover member 24 are formedrespectively from materials having refractive indexes different fromeach other, and at least the cover member 24 has a light transmissivity.The retroreflective surface 20A is formed of a metal thin film 22provided between the base 21 and the cover member 24. As indicated anarrow in the figure, incident light entering the retroreflective element20 passes through the cover member 24, and thereafter, is reflected bythe retroreflective surface 20A.

When the base 21 is formed from a material exhibiting lightreflectivity, the metal thin film 22 may be omitted, and the frontsurface 21A or rear surface 21B of the base 21 may form theretroreflective surface 20A. The transmissivity in the retroreflectivesurface 20A is substantially zero, and most of the incident lightentering the retroreflective surface 20A does not reach the rear surface20B of the retroreflective element 20. That is, most incident lightentering the retroreflective element 20 is retroreflected by theretroreflective surface 20A without passing through the base 21.

In each of the above-described embodiments, the blower mechanisms 50,501 and 501A correspond to the first blower mechanism. The blowermechanisms 502 and 502A correspond to the second blower mechanism. Theair blower outlet 51 corresponds to the first air blower outlet. The airblower outlet 52 corresponds to the second air blower outlet. Further,the air blower outlet 51 a corresponds to the third air blower outlet,and the air blower outlet 51 b corresponds to the fourth air bloweroutlet. The air blower outlet 52 a corresponds to the fifth air bloweroutlet, and the air blower outlet 52 b corresponds to the sixth airblower outlet. The direction D1 correspond to the first direction andthe direction D2 corresponds to the second direction. Further, thedirection D2 corresponds to the air blowing direction.

While certain embodiments have been described, these embodiments havebeen presented by way of example only, and are not intended to limit thescope of the inventions. Indeed, the novel embodiments described hereinmay be embodied in a variety of other forms; furthermore, variousomissions, substitutions and changes in the form of the embodimentsdescribed herein may be made without departing from the spirit of theinventions. The accompanying claims and their equivalents are intendedto cover such forms or modifications as would fall within the scope andspirit of the inventions.

1. An electronic device comprising: a display; a sensor which detects anobject to be detected, located above the display; a blower mechanismcomprising a duct, a fan blowing air to cool the display from an one endof the duct, and an air blower outlet formed in other end of the ductand extending along a first direction; and a controller, wherein anouter surface of the duct is in contact with a back surface of thedisplay, the outer surface extends from a lower end of the back surfaceto an upper end of the back surface, the air blower outlet and thesensor are arranged in order in a direction crossing the firstdirection, a first width of the air blower outlet along the firstdirection is larger than a second width of the display along the firstdirection, the air blower mechanism blows air above the display andcreates an air plate of planer air blow which entirely overlaps thedisplay, and the controller changes at least one of a temperature, andamounts of air blown from different blower mechanisms differently basedon the detection of the object by the sensor.
 2. The electronic deviceaccording to claim 1, further comprising: a loudspeaker which outputssound, wherein the controller which controls the loudspeaker to outputthe sound based on the detection of the object by the sensor.
 3. Theelectronic device according to claim 1, wherein the controller whichchanges display image on the display based on the detection of theobject by the sensor.
 4. The electronic device according to claim 1,further comprising an inlet mechanism comprising an inlet extendingalong the first direction and opposing the air blower outlet, whereinthe display is located between the air blower outlet and the inlet. 5.The electronic device according to claim 4, wherein a third width of theinlet along the first direction is larger than a fourth width of thedisplay along the first direction.